Inventory Search Results (1,501-1,600 of 3,327)

3,327 suspension bridges were found for search criteria: *. Bridges 1,501 through 1,600 (of 3,327 total) appear below. Click the Bridgemeister ID number to isolate the bridge on its own page. If you don't see what you were looking for, try an image search with the same criteria: *. This will find the bridge if it is pictured on the site, but is not a catenary suspension bridge.

Related:

1939: Deer Isle

Sedgwick, Maine, USA - Eggemoggin Reach
Bridgemeister ID:193 (added before 2003)
Year Completed:1939
Name:Deer Isle
Location:Sedgwick, Maine, USA
Crossing:Eggemoggin Reach
Coordinates:44.290167 N 68.691383 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:Robinson and Steinman
References:AAJ, BBR, IT1999F
Use:Vehicular (two-lane, heavy vehicles), with walkway
Status:In use (last checked: 2025)
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:3
Main Span:1 x 329.2 meters (1,080 feet)
Side Spans:2 x 147.5 meters (484 feet)

Notes:

  • 2018, July: Gained much media attention when a bracket broke loose connecting the maintenance access cables to the main cables even though it had no impact on the structural integrity of the bridge.

External Links:

  • State to inspect Deer Isle bridge that local officials want replaced - Bangor Daily News. Article dated April 4, 2025: "The Maine Department of Transportation will conduct a routine inspection of the 86-year-old bridge connecting Deer Isle and Sedgwick later this month, as local officials urge the agency to get started soon on replacing the key piece of infrastructure… To avoid losing that connection, local officials want to start the process of replacing the bridge now, which they expect could take up to a decade… But the state has estimated replacing the bridge could be the most expensive highway and bridge project history in Maine, costing hundreds of millions of dollars…"
  • Bridgehunter.com - BH19844
  • Structurae - Structure ID 20000558

Image Sets:

Photo by David Denenberg Photograph, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1939: Duck Reach

Launceston, Tasmania, Australia - South Esk River
Bridgemeister ID:1860 (added 2005-07-25)
Year Completed:1939
Name:Duck Reach
Location:Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
Crossing:South Esk River
Coordinates:41.459104 S 147.112028 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Footbridge
Status:Destroyed, 1969, by flood

Notes:


1939: Far Red Hill

Mount Morgan, Queensland, Australia - Dee River
Bridgemeister ID:1748 (added 2005-04-20)
Year Completed:1939
Name:Far Red Hill
Location:Mount Morgan, Queensland, Australia
Crossing:Dee River
Coordinates:23.651006 S 150.376080 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Footbridge
Status:Only towers remain (last checked: 2019)
Main Cables:Wire

Notes:

External Links:

  • Mount Morgan web site (link reported not working). Notes: "At a special meeting of the Mount Morgan Shire Council in February 1939, the Council accepted a tender from Mr. W. Kerrigan to rebuild [the previous Far Red Hill bridge]. The bridge is now neglected and in a very bad state of repair and is unusable."

1939: Lions Gate

Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada - Vancouver Harbor
Bridgemeister ID:194 (added before 2003)
Year Completed:1939
Name:Lions Gate
Also Known As:First Narrows
Location:Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
Crossing:Vancouver Harbor
At or Near Feature:Burrard Inlet
Coordinates:49.31533 N 123.13846 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:Monsarrat and Pratley
References:AAJ, BAR, BMA
Use:Vehicular (major highway)
Status:In use (last checked: 2019)
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:3
Main Span:1 x 472.4 meters (1,550 feet)
Side Spans:2 x 187.5 meters (615 feet)
Deck width:39 feet

External Links:

Image Sets:

Photo courtesy Ronald and Elizabeth Denenberg Photo courtesy Russ Raine Photo courtesy of Gary Woodbury

1939: Manosque

Manosque, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, France - Durance River
Bridgemeister ID:897 (added 2003-09-07)
Year Completed:1939
Name:Manosque
Location:Manosque, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, France
Crossing:Durance River
Coordinates:43.8047 N 5.8238 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular (two-lane, heavy vehicles), with walkway
Status:Replaced, 2019
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1

Notes:

External Links:

Image Sets:

Photo by David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1939: Målselv

Målselv, Troms og Finnmark, Norway - Målselv
Bridgemeister ID:2733 (added 2019-06-23)
Year Completed:1939
Name:Målselv
Location:Målselv, Troms og Finnmark, Norway
Crossing:Målselv
Coordinates:69.139009 N 18.601639 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, kart.1881.no, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular (one-lane)
Status:In use (last checked: 2019)
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 115 meters (377.3 feet)

Image Sets:

Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1939: Mosquito Road

Placerville, California, USA - South Fork American River
Bridgemeister ID:346 (added before 2003)
Year Completed:1939
Name:Mosquito Road
Location:Placerville, California, USA
Crossing:South Fork American River
Coordinates:38.77582 N 120.74854 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular (one-lane)
Status:In use (last checked: 2021)
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1

Notes:

External Links:

Image Sets:

Photo by David Denenberg

1939: Otto Beit

Makuti, Zimbabwe and Chirundu, Zambia - Zambezi River
Bridgemeister ID:937 (added 2003-10-25)
Year Completed:1939
Name:Otto Beit
Also Known As:Chirundu
Location:Makuti, Zimbabwe and Chirundu, Zambia
Crossing:Zambezi River
Coordinates:16.038006 S 28.852322 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:Ralph Freeman, Dorman Long & Co Ltd
References:AAJ, WOT
Use:Vehicular (two-lane, heavy vehicles)
Status:In use (last checked: 2018)
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Main Span:1 x 320 meters (1,049.9 feet)

External Links:

Image Sets:

Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1939: Regency

Regency, Texas, USA - Colorado River
Bridgemeister ID:195 (added before 2003)
Year Completed:1939
Name:Regency
Location:Regency, Texas, USA
Crossing:Colorado River
Coordinates:31.41167 N 98.84667 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:Austin Bridge Co.
References:AUB
Use:Vehicular (one-lane)
Status:In use (last checked: 2008)
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 103.6 meters (340 feet)

Notes:

External Links:

Image Sets:

Photo courtesy of Larry Calder Photo by Casey Hibler III Photo by Patrick S. O'Donnell

1939: Saint-Jean-de-Blaignac

Saint-Jean-de-Blaignac and Lavagnac, Gironde, France - Dordogne River
Bridgemeister ID:7336 (added 2022-09-03)
Year Completed:1939
Name:Saint-Jean-de-Blaignac
Location:Saint-Jean-de-Blaignac and Lavagnac, Gironde, France
Crossing:Dordogne River
Coordinates:44.814528 N 0.138583 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular
Status:Destroyed
Suspended Spans:3
Main Spans:3

Notes:

Image Sets:

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1939: Skoltefoss

Elvenes vicinity, Norway and Murmansk Oblast, Russia - Pasvikelva
Bridgemeister ID:3953 (added 2020-03-21)
Year Completed:1939
Name:Skoltefoss
Location:Elvenes vicinity, Norway and Murmansk Oblast, Russia
Crossing:Pasvikelva
Coordinates:69.643333 N 30.137278 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, kart.1881.no, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular
Status:Destroyed, December 1939
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1

Notes:

  • Opened September 9, 1939 and soon after destroyed in December 1939, bombed by Finland during the Winter War between Russia and Finland.
  • Appears to have been reconstructed at some point after it was bombed in 1939. See linked photograph for a 1943 image of the location.
  • Unclear if this bridge, when constructed, was actually in Norway, Finland, or straddling the border between the two as it existed in 1939. It was constructed directly over falls in an area known as Skoltefoss where a dam has since been constructed. The current border at this location has changed as a result of the WWII-era hostilities between Finland and Russia and is now between Norway and Russia.
  • The coordinates provided here indicate the likely approximate location of the bridge, crossing the Norway/Russia border. It's possible the bridge was located slightly north in which case it would be entirely within the current Russia border.

External Links:

Image Sets:

Photograph, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1939: Sullivan-Hutsonville

Hutsonville, Illinois and Sullivan, Indiana, USA - Wabash River
Bridgemeister ID:196 (added before 2003)
Year Completed:1939
Name:Sullivan-Hutsonville
Location:Hutsonville, Illinois and Sullivan, Indiana, USA
Crossing:Wabash River
Coordinates:39.1101 N 87.6551 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:Steinman & Robinson, R.V. Milbank, Wisconsin Bridge & Iron Co., Charles J. Glasgow
References:AAJ, BPL, IMB, SJR19880926
Use:Vehicular (two-lane), with walkway
Status:Demolished, 1989
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:3
Main Span:1 x 106.7 meters (350 feet)
Side Spans:2 x 45.7 meters (150 feet)
Deck width:20 feet
Characteristics:Self-anchored

Notes:

  • Demolished 1989. This bridge was Steinman's attempt at a self-anchored suspension bridge and met a controversial demise in 1989. An article in the September 26, 1988 issue of the Springfield, IL "The State Journal-Register" describes the ongoing controversy. The company to which the $100,000 demolition contract was let offered to turn the money over to save the bridge. The locals agreed, but the company's Chief Engineer Stephen Schneider was quoted, "I think Indiana really wants to tear it down. They've been ... forced to send inspectors out every two weeks. I think they just want the headache gone." Gary Abell, spokesman for the Indiana Dept. Of Highways said its design is "not one of the best. It works in theory, but not in practice. This is like trying to save a mistake." After a lot of back-and-forth, the locals gave up, "We've had it with them. We don't want anything more to do with it. They can tear the damn thing down." Animosity toward this bridge continues 13 years after its demolition. In 2002, in an email to Wayne Grodkiewicz (who provided me with much information about this bridge), an INDOT representative said, "I am not sure why you are interested in that bridge, but from our stand point, it was a very poorly designed bridge that had many many problems from the day that it was completed, until it was brought down."

External Links:


1939: Swinging

Tishomingo State Park, Mississippi, USA - Bear Creek
Bridgemeister ID:850 (added 2003-07-27)
Year Completed:1939
Name:Swinging
Location:Tishomingo State Park, Mississippi, USA
Crossing:Bear Creek
Coordinates:34.605183 N 88.17955 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Footbridge
Status:In use (last checked: 2020)
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 57.9 meters (190 feet) estimated

Notes:

  • Likely built by the CCC, this bridge has an interesting zig-zag pattern of suspenders. The suspenders are inclined and are continuous across the bridge like a shoelace with one set of eyelets at deck level and the other set of eyelets along the main cables.

External Links:

Image Sets:

Photo by Patrick S. O'Donnell

1939: Thames Ditton Island

Thames Ditton, England, United Kingdom - River Thames
Bridgemeister ID:2089 (added 2006-07-02)
Year Completed:1939
Name:Thames Ditton Island
Location:Thames Ditton, England, United Kingdom
Crossing:River Thames
Coordinates:51.39303 N 0.33127 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:David Rowell & Co.
Use:Footbridge
Status:In use (last checked: 2012)
Main Cables:Wire
Suspended Spans:3
Main Span:1
Side Spans:2

Image Sets:

Photo by Dave Cooper Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1939: Willowflat Road

Putere, New Zealand - Mohaka River
Bridgemeister ID:767 (added 2003-03-08)
Year Completed:1939
Name:Willowflat Road
Location:Putere, New Zealand
Crossing:Mohaka River
Coordinates:39.004232 S 176.946771 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
References:GAP
Use:Vehicular
Status:Removed

Notes:

  • Coordinates are for the current (2019) Willowflat Road crossing of the Mohaka River, likely the same location as the suspension bridge.

1940: (pipeline bridge)

Sioux City, Iowa and Dakota City vicinity, Nebraska, USA - Missouri River
Bridgemeister ID:2252 (added 2007-03-31)
Year Completed:1940
Name:(pipeline bridge)
Location:Sioux City, Iowa and Dakota City vicinity, Nebraska, USA
Crossing:Missouri River
Coordinates:42.43842 N 96.38387 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
References:AAJ
Use:Pipeline
Status:Removed, 2005
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Main Span:1 x 404 meters (1,325.5 feet) estimated

Notes:

  • Large pipeline suspension bridge located near the Big Soo terminal.

External Links:


1940: (suspension bridge)

Gulsvik, Granheim, Flå, Viken, Norway - Hallingdalselva
Bridgemeister ID:4052 (added 2020-03-29)
Year Completed:1940
Name:(suspension bridge)
Location:Gulsvik, Granheim, Flå, Viken, Norway
Crossing:Hallingdalselva
Coordinates:60.386071 N 9.580834 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, kart.1881.no, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular
Status:Removed
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 34 meters (111.5 feet) estimated

Notes:

External Links:


1940: Changgan

Gongguo, Yunnan, China - Lancang River
Bridgemeister ID:1231 (added 2004-02-15)
Year Completed:1940
Name:Changgan
Also Known As:Gongguo
Location:Gongguo, Yunnan, China
Crossing:Lancang River
References:BCG, BYU
Use:Vehicular (one-lane)
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 158.05 meters (518.5 feet)

1940: Clear Creek Swinging

Pyatt vicinity, Arkansas, USA - Clear Creek
Bridgemeister ID:1954 (added 2005-11-04)
Year Completed:1940
Name:Clear Creek Swinging
Location:Pyatt vicinity, Arkansas, USA
Crossing:Clear Creek
Coordinates:36.2098 N 92.8598 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:WPA
Use:Vehicular
Status:Replaced, 1975
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1

External Links:


1940: Draht

Kassel, Hessen, Germany - Fulda River
Bridgemeister ID:926 (added 2003-10-18)
Year Completed:1940
Name:Draht
Also Known As:Wire
Location:Kassel, Hessen, Germany
Crossing:Fulda River
Coordinates:51.312367 N 9.503317 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Footbridge
Status:In use (last checked: 2016)
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 84 meters (275.6 feet)
Deck width:2.77 meters between side rails, 3.16 meters total

Notes:

External Links:

Image Sets:

Photo by Eckhard Bernstorff

1940: Friedrichsbrücke

Mannheim, Germany - Neckar River
Bridgemeister ID:8462 (added 2024-03-17)
Year Completed:1940
Name:Friedrichsbrücke
Location:Mannheim, Germany
Crossing:Neckar River
Coordinates:49.494500 N 8.472417 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular
Status:Destroyed, March 25, 1945
Suspended Spans:3
Main Span:1
Side Spans:2

Notes:

  • This bridge likely functioned more as a cantilever bridge than a suspension bridge.
  • Bombed multiple times during WWII and finaly destroyed March 25, 1945.
  • Replaced 1891 Friedrichsbrücke - Mannheim, Germany. Translated from the linked Wikipedia page, "Due to the constant increase in traffic, it became necessary to expand the Friedrichsbrücke. Instead of an expensive new building, an engineering balancing act was decided: between 1938 and 1940, the bridge was cut lengthwise, pushed two meters apart, filled in the middle and further structurally adapted. With a lane width of 13.5 m, a total of four lanes including tram tracks could be created."
  • All past and present bridges at this location.

External Links:

Image Sets:

Photo, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1940: General Santander

Tuluá vicinity and Riofrio vicinity, Colombia - Cauca River
Bridgemeister ID:2011 (added 2006-01-04)
Year Completed:1940
Name:General Santander
Location:Tuluá vicinity and Riofrio vicinity, Colombia
Crossing:Cauca River
Coordinates:4.123901 N 76.269404 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:American Bridge Co.
Use:Vehicular
Status:Replaced
Main Cables:Wire (iron)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 130.15 meters (427 feet)

Notes:

  • Partially collapsed, 1955. Rehabilitated, 1956. Dismantled, 2000.
  • Coordinates are for likely alignment. Pier and abutment visible in 2014.

1940: H. Wallace Caldwell Memorial

Riverside, Illinois, USA - Des Plaines River
Bridgemeister ID:775 (added 2003-03-14)
Year Completed:1940
Name:H. Wallace Caldwell Memorial
Also Known As:Swinging
Location:Riverside, Illinois, USA
Crossing:Des Plaines River
Coordinates:41.826083 N 87.8176 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Footbridge
Status:In use (last checked: 2021)
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 64 meters (210 feet) estimated

Notes:

Annotated Citations:

  • Uphues, Bob. "Riverside Township confounded in effort to repaint bridge." Riverside-Brookfield Landmark, 19 October 2021, https://www.rblandmark.com/2021/10/19/riverside-township-confounded-in-effort-to-repaint-bridge/

    "What was thought to be a pretty straightforward project to refurbish the 210-foot long H. Wallace Caldwell Memorial Bridge – known to local residents as the Swinging Bridge – has turned into something of a nightmare for the Riverside Township Board of Trustees… It turns out that not only was the $75,000 earmarked in the 2021-22 budget far below what it’s going to take to do the job, the township board has had trouble getting companies to even submit bids."

  • Uphues, Bob. "Riverside Township confounded in effort to repaint bridge." Riverside-Brookfield Landmark, 21 March 2023, https://www.rblandmark.com/2023/03/21/swinging-bridge-overhaul-set-to-start-in-late-march/

    "A long-awaited project to overhaul the painted surfaces of the Swinging Bridge will start March 27 after Riverside Township trustees voted 4-0 on March 14 to approve an ordinance announcing their intention to issue up to $500,000 in alternate revenue bonds to fund the work…"

External Links:

Image Sets:

Photo by Patrick S. O'Donnell

1940: Hawkins Bar

Trinity Village and Hawkins Bar, California, USA - Trinity River
Bridgemeister ID:2343 (added 2007-08-12)
Year Completed:1940
Name:Hawkins Bar
Location:Trinity Village and Hawkins Bar, California, USA
Crossing:Trinity River
Coordinates:40.868361 N 123.518139 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular
Status:Removed
Main Cables:Wire

Notes:


1940: Karangarua River

West Coast, New Zealand - Karangarua River
Bridgemeister ID:765 (added 2003-03-08)
Year Completed:1940
Name:Karangarua River
Location:West Coast, New Zealand
Crossing:Karangarua River
Coordinates:43.575031 S 169.805960 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
References:GAP
Use:Vehicular (one-lane)
Status:In use (last checked: 2019)
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 130 meters (426.5 feet)
Deck width:4.29 meters

Notes:

  • Several suspenders snapped during violent windstorm, April 17, 2004. Repaired and reopened with a few days.

External Links:

Image Sets:

Photo by Eileen O'Grady

1940: Nolan Toll

Nolan, West Virginia and Pike County, Kentucky, USA - Tug Fork River
Bridgemeister ID:2239 (added 2007-03-27)
Year Completed:1940
Name:Nolan Toll
Location:Nolan, West Virginia and Pike County, Kentucky, USA
Crossing:Tug Fork River
Coordinates:37.73986 N 82.33125 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular
Status:Only towers remain (last checked: 2009)

Notes:

  • The suspension bridge, and later the current adjacent beam and girder bridge, are privately owned and were previously operated as toll bridges. The current bridge was closed by West Virginia in late 2007.
  • Ron Thompson, a member of the family who owns these structures (the suspension bridge formerly, and now the current crossing) writes: "This was a private toll bridge constructed beginning in 1939 by the Big Creek Bridge Company, a privately held corporation headquartered first in Nolan, then in Williamson. The replacement bridge next to it was constructed by the same entity. My father, along with other relatives, inherited most of the corporate stock, and for the last several years he has owned it in its entirety... My grandfather built the original suspension bridge primarily to provide a way to get coal from the surrounding hills in Pike and Martin County, Kentucky to tipples and markets in West Virginia."

External Links:

Image Sets:

Photo by Patrick S. O'Donnell

1940: Orleans

Orleans, California, USA - Klamath River
Bridgemeister ID:197 (added before 2003)
Year Completed:1940
Name:Orleans
Location:Orleans, California, USA
Crossing:Klamath River
Coordinates:41.303306 N 123.533722 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:C.H. Purcell, Murphy Pacific Co.
References:BPL, WOT
Use:Vehicular
Status:Destroyed, December 1964
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1

Notes:

Image Sets:

Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1940: Tacoma Narrows

Tacoma and Gig Harbor, Washington, USA - Puget Sound
Bridgemeister ID:198 (added before 2003)
Year Completed:1940
Name:Tacoma Narrows
Also Known As:Galloping Gertie
Location:Tacoma and Gig Harbor, Washington, USA
Crossing:Puget Sound
Coordinates:47.267015 N 122.548462 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:Leon Moisseiff
References:AAJ, BAR, BBR, BFL, BMA, BPL, COB, CTT, GBD, IT1999F, SPW
Use:Vehicular (two-lane, heavy vehicles), with walkway
Status:Collapsed, 1940
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:3
Main Span:1 x 853.4 meters (2,800 feet)
Side Spans:2 x 335.3 meters (1,100 feet)
Deck width:39 feet

Notes:

External Links:

Image Sets:

Photograph, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, courtesy of Kevin Walsh Photograph, collection of David Denenberg Photograph, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1940: Tutoko

Milford Sound, New Zealand - Tutoko River
Bridgemeister ID:2664 (added 2019-03-15)
Year Completed:1940
Name:Tutoko
Location:Milford Sound, New Zealand
Crossing:Tutoko River
At or Near Feature:Fiordland National Park
Coordinates:44.677972 S 167.963186 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular (one-lane)
Status:Restricted to foot traffic (last checked: 2017)
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1

Notes:

  • Bypassed, 1981.

Image Sets:

Photo by David Denenberg

1941: Belleperche

Cordes-Tolosannes, Tarn-et-Garonne, France - Garonne River
Bridgemeister ID:3193 (added 2019-11-10)
Year Completed:1941
Name:Belleperche
Location:Cordes-Tolosannes, Tarn-et-Garonne, France
Crossing:Garonne River
Coordinates:43.995616 N 1.125695 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular (two-lane)
Status:In use (last checked: 2019)
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 150 meters (492.1 feet)

Notes:

External Links:


1941: Carennac

Carennac, Lot, France - Dordogne River
Bridgemeister ID:3067 (added 2019-10-26)
Year Completed:1941
Name:Carennac
Location:Carennac, Lot, France
Crossing:Dordogne River
Coordinates:44.915186 N 1.743939 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular (two-lane)
Status:In use (last checked: 2019)
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 134 meters (439.6 feet) estimated

Notes:

External Links:

Image Sets:

Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1941: Ebro

Zaragoza, Spain - Ebro River
Bridgemeister ID:8171 (added 2024-02-04)
Year Completed:1941
Name:Ebro
Location:Zaragoza, Spain
Crossing:Ebro River
Coordinates:41.658694 N 0.881194 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Footbridge
Status:Removed
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1

External Links:

Image Sets:

Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1941: Haggard Ford

Harrison vicinity, Arkansas, USA - Bear Creek
Bridgemeister ID:199 (added before 2003)
Year Completed:1941
Name:Haggard Ford
Also Known As:Bear Creek
Location:Harrison vicinity, Arkansas, USA
Crossing:Bear Creek
Coordinates:36.3458 N 93.1305 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:WPA, Jess Chaney
Use:Vehicular (one-lane)
Status:Restricted to foot traffic (last checked: 2007)
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 48.8 meters (160 feet)

Notes:

  • Located about eight miles north of Harrison. According to plaque at bridge, restored 1977.
  • Gene McCluney writes: "I visited this bridge [in the Summer of 2007] and talked to an adjacent landowner a couple weeks ago. It seems this bridge was closed in 1962 due to instability in one of the piers, and the crossing reverted to a ford or low water crossing until about four years ago when the new vehicular bridge was built. So, there was a suspension bridge in-use there for 20 years, then 40 years of "low water" type crossing, then just recently a new vehicle bridge."
  • Similar to (suspension bridge) - Leslie vicinity, Arkansas, USA.

External Links:

Image Sets:

Photo by David Denenberg

1941: Rangiport

Épône and Gargenville, Yvelines, France - Seine River
Bridgemeister ID:6421 (added 2021-07-31)
Year Completed:1941
Name:Rangiport
Location:Épône and Gargenville, Yvelines, France
Crossing:Seine River
At or Near Feature:Île de Rangiport
Coordinates:48.971502 N 1.808905 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Footbridge
Status:Removed, c. 1965
Main Cables:Wire (steel)

Notes:

  • Large temporary footbridge built on the piers of the arch bridge destroyed in 1941. This was likely two separate, similar suspension bridges crossing the channels on both sides of Rangiport Island.

External Links:

Image Sets:

Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1941: Rodenkirchen

Köln (Cologne), North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany - Rhine River
Bridgemeister ID:455 (added before 2003)
Year Completed:1941
Name:Rodenkirchen
Also Known As:Rodenkirchener, Köln-Rodenkirchen
Location:Köln (Cologne), North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
Crossing:Rhine River
Coordinates:50.898518 N 6.989139 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:Fritz Leonhardt, Paul Bonatz, Karl Schaechterle
References:BBR, BFL, BRU
Use:Vehicular (two-lane), with walkway
Status:Destroyed, January, 1945
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:3
Main Spans:3

Notes:

External Links:

Image Sets:

Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1941: Saint-Denis-de-Pile

Saint-Denis-de-Pile and Bonzac, Gironde, France - Isle River
Bridgemeister ID:2962 (added 2019-10-06)
Year Completed:1941
Name:Saint-Denis-de-Pile
Location:Saint-Denis-de-Pile and Bonzac, Gironde, France
Crossing:Isle River
Coordinates:44.993221 N 0.207261 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
References:AAJ
Use:Vehicular (two-lane)
Status:In use (last checked: 2019)
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1

Notes:

External Links:

Image Sets:

Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1942: Bailey

Ponterio, Todi and Pian di San Martino, Perugia, Italy - Tiber River
Bridgemeister ID:9008 (added 2024-12-25)
Year Completed:1942
Name:Bailey
Also Known As:Ferro
Location:Ponterio, Todi and Pian di San Martino, Perugia, Italy
Crossing:Tiber River
Coordinates:42.800417 N 12.404222 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular
Status:Restricted to foot traffic, since 2023 (last checked: 2024)
Main Cables:Wire (steel)

Notes:

  • 2023, December: The bridge is reopened following a long restoration project. It had been closed for approximately 40 years.

External Links:


1942: Cuscatlán

San Vicente and Usulután, El Salvador - Rio Lempa
Bridgemeister ID:948 (added 2003-10-30)
Year Completed:1942
Name:Cuscatlán
Also Known As:Rio Lempa
Location:San Vicente and Usulután, El Salvador
Crossing:Rio Lempa
Coordinates:13.616536 N 88.563753 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:American Bridge Co.
Use:Vehicular (two-lane, heavy vehicles), with walkway
Status:Destroyed, January 1, 1984
Main Cables:Wire (steel)

Notes:

  • Bombed and destroyed by militants, January 1, 1984. Piers and abutments remain (as of 2021).

External Links:

Image Sets:

Photo by Arturo Castro Butter Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle Photo courtesy of Amy Bastian

1942: Margaret

Munnar, Kerala, India - Muthirapuzha River
Bridgemeister ID:3005 (added 2019-10-13)
Year Completed:1942
Name:Margaret
Location:Munnar, Kerala, India
Crossing:Muthirapuzha River
Coordinates:10.078807 N 77.063246 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Status:Destroyed, August 14, 2018
Main Spans:2

Notes:

  • Destroyed by flood, August 14, 2018.

1942: Shimian

Shimian County (石棉县), Ya'an (雅安市), Sichuan, China - Dadu River
Bridgemeister ID:1290 (added 2004-03-16)
Year Completed:1942
Name:Shimian
Location:Shimian County (石棉县), Ya'an (雅安市), Sichuan, China
Crossing:Dadu River
Coordinates:29.241472 N 102.356167 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
References:BCG
Use:Vehicular
Status:Extant (last checked: 2021)
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 105 meters (344.5 feet)

Notes:

  • Rebuilt 1952, 1964.

1942: Storforshei

Storforshei, Rana, Nordland, Norway - Ranelva
Bridgemeister ID:3788 (added 2020-02-29)
Year Completed:1942
Name:Storforshei
Location:Storforshei, Rana, Nordland, Norway
Crossing:Ranelva
Coordinates:66.40420 N 14.50999 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, kart.1881.no, OpenStreetMap
Use:Rail
Status:Removed
Main Cables:Wire (steel)

Notes:

  • Temporary structure built 1942 or possibly 1943 to replace a large portion of a truss bridge destroyed in 1940 during WWII hostilities.

External Links:


1942: Trolljuv

Rafdal, Markhus vicinity, Etne, Vestland, Norway - Trollajuvet
Bridgemeister ID:4501 (added 2020-05-02)
Year Completed:1942
Name:Trolljuv
Location:Rafdal, Markhus vicinity, Etne, Vestland, Norway
Crossing:Trollajuvet
At or Near Feature:Åkrafjorden
Coordinates:59.785424 N 6.158266 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, kart.1881.no, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular (two-lane)
Status:In use (last checked: 2019)
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 66 meters (216.5 feet)

External Links:

Image Sets:

Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1943: Izeron

Izeron and Saint-Sauveur, Isère, France - Isère River
Bridgemeister ID:7160 (added 2022-06-25)
Year Completed:1943
Name:Izeron
Location:Izeron and Saint-Sauveur, Isère, France
Crossing:Isère River
Coordinates:45.154525 N 5.364199 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular (one-lane)
Status:Demolished, 2013
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 166 meters (544.6 feet)

Notes:


1943: Peace River

Taylor, British Columbia, Canada - Peace River
Bridgemeister ID:205 (added before 2003)
Year Completed:1943
Name:Peace River
Location:Taylor, British Columbia, Canada
Crossing:Peace River
Coordinates:56.138123 N 120.674371 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:John A. Roebling's Sons Co.
References:CTT
Use:Vehicular
Status:Collapsed, 1957
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:3
Main Span:1 x 609.6 meters (2,000 feet)
Side Spans:2

Notes:

External Links:

Image Sets:

Postcard, collection of David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1943: Sheep

Sheep Crossing (Cave Creek vicinity), Arizona, USA - Verde River
Bridgemeister ID:201 (added before 2003)
Year Completed:1943
Name:Sheep
Also Known As:Red Point Sheep, Verde River Sheep
Location:Sheep Crossing (Cave Creek vicinity), Arizona, USA
Crossing:Verde River
Coordinates:34.077674 N 111.707743 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:Flagstaff Sheep Co., Cyril O. Gilliam, Frank Auza, George W. Smith.
References:HAERAZ10
Use:Footbridge and Stock
Status:Replaced, 1988
Main Cables:Wire
Main Span:1 x 145.1 meters (476 feet)
Deck width:3 feet

Notes:

  • From a sign at the site: "The Old Verde River Sheep Bridge. The original Verde River Sheep Bridge, also known as the Red Point Sheep Bridge, was constructed at this location in 1943 by Flagstaff Sheep Company, which had been grazing sheep in the area under a Forest Service permit since 1926....

    "Erected with hand tools and a few mules during World War II, the bridge was constructed largely with salvaged materials. Overall length of the structure from cable anchorage to cable anchorage was 691 feet, and the distance between the towers was 568 feet. The walkway was 476 feet long and three feet wide. The towers originally were constructed with wood, as was the walkway. Soon after the bridge was completed, the wooden towers were reinforced with concrete buttresses. Each main suspension cable consisted of a pair of... lock-coil, spiral strands, which were obtained from an abandoned tramway that carted copper ore.... Only the towers of the old bridge remain.

    "Although several other bridges of this type previously had been built in Arizona, Verde River Sheep Bridge was the last of its kind in the Southwest when it was entered into the National Register of Historic Places in 1978. In 1988, weakened by years of service and floods, the bridge was disassembled. In 1989 the bridge found here today was erected. Reminiscent of the original structure, the new bridge recalls the ingenuity of the pioneer sheepmen and a way of ranching that has virtually disappeared from the Arizona scene."
  • Many remnants from this bridge are still visible at the site.
  • Replaced by 1989 Sheep - Sheep Crossing (Cave Creek vicinity), Arizona, USA.
  • All past and present bridges at this location.

External Links:

Image Sets:

Photo by Norm Johnson Photo by Patrick S. O'Donnell

1943: Swinging

Allison, Arkansas, USA - South Sylamore Creek
Bridgemeister ID:5857 (added 2021-05-15)
Year Completed:1943
Name:Swinging
Location:Allison, Arkansas, USA
Crossing:South Sylamore Creek
Coordinates:35.935874 N 92.121329 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular (one-lane)
Status:Destroyed, December 3, 1982
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1

Notes:

External Links:


1943: Tynset

Tynset, Innlandet, Norway - Glomma
Bridgemeister ID:3912 (added 2020-03-15)
Year Completed:1943
Name:Tynset
Location:Tynset, Innlandet, Norway
Crossing:Glomma
Coordinates:62.28051 N 10.77184 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, kart.1881.no, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular
Status:Removed, 2000
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 130 meters (426.5 feet) estimated

External Links:


1944: Canol

Ross River, Yukon, Canada - Ross River
Bridgemeister ID:833 (added 2003-06-01)
Year Completed:1944
Name:Canol
Also Known As:Ross River
Location:Ross River, Yukon, Canada
Crossing:Ross River
Coordinates:61.98769 N 132.44722 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Footbridge
Status:In use (last checked: 2019)
Main Span:1 x 182.9 meters (600 feet)

Notes:

  • Closed in 2013 due to deteriorating condition and risk of imminent failure. Rehabilitated 2017-2018 and subsequently reopened.

External Links:

Image Sets:

Photo by Patrick S. O'Donnell Photo by Mark Rogers

1944: Fossum

Askim and Spydeberg, Østfold, Norway - Glomma
Bridgemeister ID:3932 (added 2020-03-20)
Year Completed:1944
Name:Fossum
Location:Askim and Spydeberg, Østfold, Norway
Crossing:Glomma
Coordinates:59.60155 N 11.09936 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, kart.1881.no, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular
Status:Replaced, 1961
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 84 meters (275.6 feet)

Notes:

Image Sets:

Scan of a color slide, collection of David Denenberg

1944: Liard River

Liard River Hot Springs vicinity, British Columbia, Canada - Liard River
Bridgemeister ID:339 (added before 2003)
Year Completed:1944
Name:Liard River
Location:Liard River Hot Springs vicinity, British Columbia, Canada
Crossing:Liard River
Coordinates:59.41312 N 126.09541 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:American Bridge Co.
References:CTT
Use:Vehicular (two-lane, heavy vehicles)
Status:In use (last checked: 2009)
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:3
Main Span:1
Side Spans:2

Notes:

External Links:

Image Sets:

Photo by Patrick S. O'Donnell Photo by Russ Raine Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1945: Aiguilly

Roanne vicinity and Vougy vicinity, Loire, France - Loire River
Bridgemeister ID:4923 (added 2020-07-26)
Year Completed:1945
Name:Aiguilly
Location:Roanne vicinity and Vougy vicinity, Loire, France
Crossing:Loire River
Coordinates:46.070139 N 4.094556 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular
Status:Demolished, 1982
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 135 meters (442.9 feet)

Notes:

External Links:

Image Sets:

Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1945: Ölfusá

Selfoss, Iceland - Ölfusá River
Bridgemeister ID:2921 (added 2019-09-15)
Year Completed:1945
Name:Ölfusá
Location:Selfoss, Iceland
Crossing:Ölfusá River
Coordinates:63.938889 N 21.004853 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular (two-lane)
Status:In use
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1

Notes:

External Links:


1945: College

Lyon, Métropole de Lyon, France - Rhône River
Bridgemeister ID:6423 (added 2021-08-09)
Year Completed:1945
Name:College
Also Known As:Collège
Location:Lyon, Métropole de Lyon, France
Crossing:Rhône River
Coordinates:45.765661 N 4.840563 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
References:BPF, PQL
Use:Footbridge
Status:In use (last checked: 2021)
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:3
Main Span:1 x 109.7 meters (359.9 feet)
Side Spans:2

Notes:

Image Sets:

Photo by David Denenberg

1945: Saint-Esprit

Pont-Saint-Esprit, Gard and Mondragon, Vaucluse, France - Rhône River
Bridgemeister ID:8139 (added 2024-01-20)
Year Completed:1945
Name:Saint-Esprit
Location:Pont-Saint-Esprit, Gard and Mondragon, Vaucluse, France
Crossing:Rhône River
Coordinates:44.258917 N 4.650833 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular
Status:Replaced, 1954
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1

Notes:

  • This suspension span replaced one arch of the Saint-Espirit bridge that had been destroyed in 1944 during WWII. It was replaced by a new concrete arch in 1954.

External Links:

Image Sets:

Postcards, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1945: Triel-sur-Seine

Triel-sur-Seine and Vernouillet, Yvelines, France - Seine River
Bridgemeister ID:7810 (added 2023-09-01)
Year Completed:1945
Name:Triel-sur-Seine
Location:Triel-sur-Seine and Vernouillet, Yvelines, France
Crossing:Seine River
Coordinates:48.978374 N 2.001012 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Footbridge
Status:Replaced, 1956
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:3
Main Span:1
Side Spans:2

Notes:

External Links:

Image Sets:

Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1945: TVA Apalachia

Reliance vicinity, Tennessee, USA - Hiwassee River
Bridgemeister ID:790 (added 2003-03-22)
Year Completed:1945
Name:TVA Apalachia
Location:Reliance vicinity, Tennessee, USA
Crossing:Hiwassee River
Coordinates:35.18269 N 84.43894 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Footbridge
Status:In use (last checked: 2022)
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 120.4 meters (395 feet)

Notes:

  • Patrick S. O'Donnell notes this footbridge is large, "its main span is 395 feet with 455 feet between the towers, as [one] tower is set back from the end of the deck."
  • Rebuilt 1975 and again in 2008.

External Links:

Image Sets:

Photo by Patrick S. O'Donnell Photo by Brian Lewis Photo by Brian Lewis

1946: Alta

Alta, Troms og Finnmark, Norway - Altaelva
Bridgemeister ID:3764 (added 2020-02-29)
Year Completed:1946
Name:Alta
Location:Alta, Troms og Finnmark, Norway
Crossing:Altaelva
Coordinates:69.968215 N 23.375254 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, kart.1881.no, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular
Status:Removed
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1

Notes:

  • Patrick S. O'Donnell notes: Appears to have been a temporary motor vehicle suspension bridge, constructed following WWII and the destruction of a three span through truss that was opened in 1896. The suspension bridge appears to be timber towered and about half the length of the current Alta bridge. It appears they filled in half the waterway as it was not very deep or fast flowing.
  • Replaced by 1948 Alta - Alta, Troms og Finnmark, Norway.
  • All past and present bridges at this location.

External Links:


1946: Boran

Boran-sur-Oise, Oise, France - Oise River
Bridgemeister ID:6952 (added 2022-02-13)
Year Completed:1946
Name:Boran
Location:Boran-sur-Oise, Oise, France
Crossing:Oise River
Coordinates:49.168337 N 2.366662 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular, with walkway
Status:In use (last checked: 2017)
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1

Notes:

External Links:


1946: Châteauneuf-sur-Loire

Châteauneuf-sur-Loire, Loiret, France - Loire River
Bridgemeister ID:1015 (added 2003-11-22)
Year Completed:1946
Name:Châteauneuf-sur-Loire
Location:Châteauneuf-sur-Loire, Loiret, France
Crossing:Loire River
Coordinates:47.8581 N 2.22345 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular (two-lane), with walkway
Status:In use (last checked: 2021)
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:5
Main Spans:2 x 49.15 meters (161.3 feet),
3 x 59.5 meters (195.2 feet)
Deck width:7 meters

Notes:

External Links:

Image Sets:

Photo by David Denenberg Photo by Eckhard Bernstorff Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1946: Doveridge

Doveridge, England, United Kingdom - River Dove
Bridgemeister ID:2173 (added 2007-01-13)
Year Completed:1946
Name:Doveridge
Location:Doveridge, England, United Kingdom
Crossing:River Dove
Coordinates:52.903057 N 1.836045 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:David Rowell & Co.
Use:Footbridge
Status:In use (last checked: 2021)
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1

Notes:

Image Sets:

Photo by Douglas Harper Photo by Dave Cooper

1946: Halfter

Halft, Eitorf vicinity, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany - Sieg River
Bridgemeister ID:1881 (added 2005-09-24)
Year Completed:1946
Name:Halfter
Location:Halft, Eitorf vicinity, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
Crossing:Sieg River
Coordinates:50.77129 N 7.47618 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Footbridge
Status:In use (last checked: 2006)
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:3
Main Span:1 x 75 meters (246.1 feet)
Side Spans:2 x 15 meters (49.2 feet)
Deck width:1.7 meters

Notes:

  • Eckhard Bernstorff notes the bridge was built by local residents after World War II using cables from cable cars.

Image Sets:

Photo by Eckhard Bernstorff

1946: Monkey

Yunnan, China
Bridgemeister ID:1282 (added 2004-03-14)
Year Completed:1946
Name:Monkey
Location:Yunnan, China
References:BCG
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 43.54 meters (142.8 feet)

1946: Senkiw

Franklin, Manitoba, Canada - Roseau River
Bridgemeister ID:5177 (added 2020-10-03)
Year Completed:1946
Name:Senkiw
Location:Franklin, Manitoba, Canada
Crossing:Roseau River
Coordinates:49.198470 N 96.882782 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Footbridge
Status:In use (last checked: 2020)
Main Cables:Wire
Suspended Spans:1

Notes:

  • Refurbished, 2004-2005.

External Links:


1947: (footbridge)

Driva, Oppdal, Trøndelag, Norway - Driva River
Bridgemeister ID:3905 (added 2020-03-14)
Year Completed:1947
Name:(footbridge)
Location:Driva, Oppdal, Trøndelag, Norway
Crossing:Driva River
Coordinates:62.53715 N 9.61297 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, kart.1881.no, OpenStreetMap
Use:Footbridge
Status:Destroyed, 2003
Main Span:1 x 57.5 meters (188.6 feet) estimated

Notes:


1947: (footbridge)

Krzyżanowice, Proszówki vicinity, Poland - Raba
Bridgemeister ID:6106 (added 2021-07-04)
Year Completed:1947
Name:(footbridge)
Location:Krzyżanowice, Proszówki vicinity, Poland
Crossing:Raba
Coordinates:50.008323 N 20.434253 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Footbridge
Status:In use (last checked: 2021)
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1

1947: Grésin

Bellegarde-sur-Valserine vicinity, Ain and Haute-Savoie, France - Rhône River
Bridgemeister ID:1003 (added 2003-11-18)
Year Completed:1947
Name:Grésin
Location:Bellegarde-sur-Valserine vicinity, Ain and Haute-Savoie, France
Crossing:Rhône River
Coordinates:46.085407 N 5.861124 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Footbridge
Status:In use (last checked: 2018)
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1

External Links:


1947: Hal Adams

Mayo vicinity and Luraville, Florida, USA - Suwannee River
Bridgemeister ID:203 (added before 2003)
Year Completed:1947
Name:Hal Adams
Location:Mayo vicinity and Luraville, Florida, USA
Crossing:Suwannee River
Coordinates:30.099 N 83.1715 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:Florida DOT
Use:Vehicular
Status:In use (last checked: 2021)
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 128 meters (420 feet)

External Links:

Image Sets:

Photo by Wayne Grodkiewicz Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1947: Jean Jacquet

Rivesaltes, Pyrénées-Orientales, France - Agly River
Bridgemeister ID:2467 (added 2008-12-19)
Year Completed:1947
Name:Jean Jacquet
Also Known As:Jacquet
Location:Rivesaltes, Pyrénées-Orientales, France
Crossing:Agly River
Coordinates:42.771912 N 2.871446 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular (two-lane)
Status:In use (last checked: 2019)
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:3
Main Span:1
Side Spans:2

External Links:

Image Sets:

Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1947: Les Andelys

Les Andelys, Eure, France - Seine River
Bridgemeister ID:456 (added before 2003)
Year Completed:1947
Name:Les Andelys
Location:Les Andelys, Eure, France
Crossing:Seine River
Coordinates:49.236625 N 1.398946 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
References:BPF
Use:Vehicular (two-lane, heavy vehicles), with walkway
Status:In use (last checked: 2021)
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 146 meters (479 feet)

Notes:

External Links:

Image Sets:

Photo by David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1947: Lumberville-Raven Rock

Lumberville, Pennsylvania and Bulls Island State Park, New Jersey, USA - Delaware River
Bridgemeister ID:204 (added before 2003)
Year Completed:1947
Name:Lumberville-Raven Rock
Also Known As:Bulls Island
Location:Lumberville, Pennsylvania and Bulls Island State Park, New Jersey, USA
Crossing:Delaware River
Coordinates:40.407017 N 75.038183 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:John A. Roebling's Sons Co.
References:BDR, BONJ, SSB
Use:Footbridge
Status:In use (last checked: 2007)
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:5
Main Spans:5
Characteristics:Braced (trussed) chain/cable,
Hinged cables

Notes:

  • SSB has an old picture of the bridge from a "Roebling publication". The original caption inside the picture says: "Practical application of Roebling Bridge research is the Lumberville footbridge which spans the Delaware River about twenty miles above Trenton. Pictured below, it utilizes four slabs of Roebling prestressed concrete and the Roebling-developed cable stiffening principle for the first time in the Western Hemisphere." and the authors of SSB go on to describe it as a "two-hinged braced cable suspension footbridge."

External Links:

Image Sets:

Photo by David Denenberg Photo by David Denenberg

1947: Mitchell County Bridge 223

Red Hill vicinity, North Carolina, USA - Big Rock Creek
Bridgemeister ID:788 (added 2003-03-22)
Year Completed:1947
Name:Mitchell County Bridge 223
Location:Red Hill vicinity, North Carolina, USA
Crossing:Big Rock Creek
Coordinates:36.04363 N 82.22528 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:North Carolina Bridge Maintenance Unit
Use:Footbridge
Status:Closed, c. 2018-2021 (last checked: 2024)
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 28.2 meters (92.5 feet)

Notes:

  • From the NCDOT page about this bridge: "According to state records, the western deadman was replaced in 2002 along with several hangers. The anchor cable at the deadman was replaced in 1974, but otherwise records do not identify any major repairs to or rebuilding of the structure."
  • Closed at some point in the 2018-2021 time frame.

External Links:

Image Sets:

Photo by Patrick S. O'Donnell

1947: Rideau Park

Calgary, Alberta, Canada - Elbow River
Bridgemeister ID:968 (added 2003-11-01)
Year Completed:1947
Name:Rideau Park
Location:Calgary, Alberta, Canada
Crossing:Elbow River
At or Near Feature:Wood's Park-Elbow Island Park
Coordinates:51.02491 N 114.0781 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Footbridge
Status:Destroyed, 2013
Main Cables:Wire

Notes:

Image Sets:

Photo by David Denenberg

1948: (footbridge)

Chattanooga, Tennessee, USA - South Chickamauga Creek
Bridgemeister ID:248 (added before 2003)
Year Completed:1948
Name:(footbridge)
Location:Chattanooga, Tennessee, USA
Crossing:South Chickamauga Creek
At or Near Feature:Elise Chapin Wildlife Sanctuary
Coordinates:34.99694 N 85.18442 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Footbridge
Status:Destroyed, July 16, 2000

Notes:


1948: (footbridge)

Stockport and Columbiaville, New York, USA - Kinderhook Creek
Bridgemeister ID:8793 (added 2024-09-13)
Year Completed:1948
Name:(footbridge)
Location:Stockport and Columbiaville, New York, USA
Crossing:Kinderhook Creek
Coordinates:42.317444 N 73.746083 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Footbridge
Status:Collapsed, 2010
Main Cables:Wire (steel)

Notes:

  • Crossed Kinderhook Creek just a few feet north of the confluence of Kinderhook, Claverack, and Stockport Creeks. Said to have replaced multiple prior suspension bridges built in the 1914, the 1920s, and 1938.
  • 1983: Closed.
  • 2010, February: Collapsed due to snow and ice accumulation.

External Links:


1948: (suspension bridge)

Awa, Nigeria and Ekok, Cameroon - Cross River
Bridgemeister ID:7142 (added 2022-06-25)
Year Completed:1948
Name:(suspension bridge)
Location:Awa, Nigeria and Ekok, Cameroon
Crossing:Cross River
Coordinates:5.811633 N 8.847657 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular (one-lane), with walkway
Status:In use (last checked: 2018)
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 102 meters (334.6 feet) estimated

External Links:


1948: Alta

Alta, Troms og Finnmark, Norway - Altaelva
Bridgemeister ID:2739 (added 2019-06-23)
Year Completed:1948
Name:Alta
Location:Alta, Troms og Finnmark, Norway
Crossing:Altaelva
Coordinates:69.968701 N 23.374410 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, kart.1881.no, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular (two-lane), with walkway
Status:In use (last checked: 2019)
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1

Notes:

External Links:

Image Sets:

Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1948: Chalonnes

Chalonnes-sur-Loire, Maine-et-Loire, France - Loire River
Bridgemeister ID:1014 (added 2003-11-22)
Year Completed:1948
Name:Chalonnes
Location:Chalonnes-sur-Loire, Maine-et-Loire, France
Crossing:Loire River
Coordinates:47.354367 N 0.761583 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular (two-lane, heavy vehicles), with walkway
Status:In use (last checked: 2019)
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 109.65 meters (359.7 feet)

Notes:

External Links:

Image Sets:

Photo by David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1948: Coudes

Coudes, Montpeyroux vicinity and Parent, Puy-de-Dôme, France - Allier River
Bridgemeister ID:8996 (added 2024-12-24)
Year Completed:1948
Name:Coudes
Location:Coudes, Montpeyroux vicinity and Parent, Puy-de-Dôme, France
Crossing:Allier River
Coordinates:45.615278 N 3.211889 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular
Status:Replaced, 1976
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Main Span:1

Notes:

External Links:


1948: Ennery

Ennery and Hauconcourt, Maizières-lès-Metz vicinity, Moselle, France - Moselle/Mosel River
Bridgemeister ID:2377 (added 2007-10-14)
Year Completed:1948
Name:Ennery
Location:Ennery and Hauconcourt, Maizières-lès-Metz vicinity, Moselle, France
Crossing:Moselle/Mosel River
Coordinates:49.223593 N 6.197988 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular
Status:Removed, 2012-2014
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:3
Main Span:1
Side Spans:2

Notes:

  • Removed, c. 2012-2014. Replaced with a non-suspension bridge in 2014.

External Links:

Image Sets:

Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1948: Gennes

Gennes and Les Rosiers-sur-Loire, Maine-et-Loire, France - Loire River
Bridgemeister ID:1174 (added 2004-01-23)
Year Completed:1948
Name:Gennes
Location:Gennes and Les Rosiers-sur-Loire, Maine-et-Loire, France
Crossing:Loire River
Coordinates:47.345283 N 0.230567 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular (two-lane, heavy vehicles), with walkway
Status:In use (last checked: 2005)
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:3
Main Span:1
Side Spans:2

Notes:

External Links:

Image Sets:

Photo by David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1948: Jicheng

Baoshan and Tengchong, Yunnan, China - Nujiang
Bridgemeister ID:1230 (added 2004-02-15)
Year Completed:1948
Name:Jicheng
Also Known As:Huiren, Dongfeng
Location:Baoshan and Tengchong, Yunnan, China
Crossing:Nujiang
Coordinates:24.986196 N 98.872567 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
References:BCG, BYU
Use:Vehicular
Status:Derelict
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 140 meters (459.3 feet)

Notes:

  • Bypassed in 1988 by Dongfeng cable-stayed bridge. The Jicheng bridge was also previously known as "Dongfeng".

1948: Kapaia

Kapaia, Hawaii, USA - Hanamaulu Stream
Bridgemeister ID:2470 (added 2008-12-20)
Year Completed:1948
Name:Kapaia
Location:Kapaia, Hawaii, USA
Crossing:Hanamaulu Stream
Coordinates:21.990740 N 159.364568 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Footbridge
Status:Replaced, 2018
Main Cables:Wire
Suspended Spans:1

Notes:

External Links:

Image Sets:

Photo by Patrick S. O'Donnell

1948: Keikyän

Niemenmäki, Finland - Kokemäenjoki
Bridgemeister ID:3290 (added 2019-11-24)
Year Completed:1948
Name:Keikyän
Also Known As:Keikyä
Location:Niemenmäki, Finland
Crossing:Kokemäenjoki
Coordinates:61.278435 N 22.704704 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Footbridge
Status:In use (last checked: 2022)
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Main Spans:1 x 49 meters (160.8 feet) estimated,
1 x 79 meters (259.2 feet) estimated
Side Spans:4

1948: Les Rosiers-sur-Loire

Les Rosiers-sur-Loire and Gennes, Maine-et-Loire, France - Loire River
Bridgemeister ID:1534 (added 2004-10-31)
Year Completed:1948
Name:Les Rosiers-sur-Loire
Location:Les Rosiers-sur-Loire and Gennes, Maine-et-Loire, France
Crossing:Loire River
Coordinates:47.348533 N 0.2277 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular (two-lane, heavy vehicles), with walkway
Status:In use (last checked: 2005)
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:3
Main Span:1
Side Spans:2

Notes:

External Links:

Image Sets:

Photo by David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1948: Luitpoldbrücke

Passau, Bavaria, Germany - Danube River
Bridgemeister ID:932 (added 2003-10-25)
Year Completed:1948
Name:Luitpoldbrücke
Location:Passau, Bavaria, Germany
Crossing:Danube River
Coordinates:48.5756 N 13.4716 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular (two-lane), with walkway
Status:In use (last checked: 2020)
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1
Characteristics:Rocker towers

Notes:

External Links:

Image Sets:

Photo by Richard Ehrenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1948: Meung-sur-Loire

Meung-sur-Loire, Loiret, France - Loire River
Bridgemeister ID:1175 (added 2004-01-23)
Year Completed:1948
Name:Meung-sur-Loire
Location:Meung-sur-Loire, Loiret, France
Crossing:Loire River
Coordinates:47.822517 N 1.7026 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular (two-lane, heavy vehicles), with walkway
Status:In use (last checked: 2021)
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:4
Main Spans:2 x 74 meters (242.8 feet)
Side Spans:2 x 70.5 meters (231.3 feet)

Notes:

External Links:

Image Sets:

Photo by David Denenberg Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1948: Tana

Tana, Troms og Finnmark, Norway - Tana
Bridgemeister ID:2738 (added 2019-06-23)
Year Completed:1948
Name:Tana
Location:Tana, Troms og Finnmark, Norway
Crossing:Tana
Coordinates:70.199153 N 28.199913 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, kart.1881.no, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular
Status:Demolished, 2020-2021
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 194 meters (636.5 feet)

External Links:

Image Sets:

Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1948: Victoria

San Ramón, Peru - Rio Tama
Bridgemeister ID:6026 (added 2021-07-03)
Year Completed:1948
Name:Victoria
Location:San Ramón, Peru
Crossing:Rio Tama
Coordinates:11.119461 S 75.367231 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular (one-lane)
Status:Removed, c. 2022-2024
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 59 meters (193.6 feet) estimated

Notes:

  • Either removed or destroyed at some point in the 2021-2024 time frame.

External Links:


1948: Wolffs Road

West Eyreton, North Canterbury, New Zealand - Eyre River N. Branch
Bridgemeister ID:762 (added 2003-03-08)
Year Completed:1948
Name:Wolffs Road
Location:West Eyreton, North Canterbury, New Zealand
Crossing:Eyre River N. Branch
Coordinates:43.336539 S 172.291641 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:R. G. Wolff
References:GAP
Use:Footbridge
Status:Derelict (last checked: 2024)
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 76 meters (249.3 feet)

External Links:


1949: (footbridge)

Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
Bridgemeister ID:2087 (added 2006-06-24)
Year Completed:1949
Name:(footbridge)
Location:Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
At or Near Feature:University of Minnesota
Principals:Joseph A. Wise, Mid-West Engineering Inc.
Use:Footbridge
Status:Dismantled
Main Cables:Wire
Suspended Spans:1

Notes:


1949: (footbridge)

Valence, Drôme and Guilherand-Granges, Ardèche, France - Rhône River
Bridgemeister ID:6517 (added 2021-08-27)
Year Completed:1949
Name:(footbridge)
Location:Valence, Drôme and Guilherand-Granges, Ardèche, France
Crossing:Rhône River
Coordinates:44.931773 N 4.883700 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Footbridge
Status:Removed, 1960s
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Main Spans:2

Notes:

Image Sets:

Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1949: (pipeline bridge)

Purcell vicinity, Oklahoma, USA - Canadian River
Bridgemeister ID:1447 (added 2004-07-31)
Year Completed:1949
Name:(pipeline bridge)
Location:Purcell vicinity, Oklahoma, USA
Crossing:Canadian River
Principals:Austin Bridge Co.
References:AUB
Use:Pipeline
Main Cables:Wire (steel)

Notes:

  • Unusual for a pipeline suspension bridge, this bridge has at least two main spans.

1949: Åbacka

Åbacka, Finland - Perhonjoki
Bridgemeister ID:4335 (added 2020-04-11)
Year Completed:1949
Name:Åbacka
Location:Åbacka, Finland
Crossing:Perhonjoki
Coordinates:63.732500 N 23.312316 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:Gilmar Ånäs
Use:Footbridge
Status:In use (last checked: 2020)
Main Cables:Wire

1949: Beaver

Beaver, Arkansas, USA - White River
Bridgemeister ID:200 (added before 2003)
Year Completed:1949
Name:Beaver
Location:Beaver, Arkansas, USA
Crossing:White River
At or Near Feature:Table Rock Reservoir
Coordinates:36.4708 N 93.76856 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Principals:Pioneer Construction Co., Arkansas State Highway Department
Use:Vehicular (one-lane)
Status:Closed, October, 2021 (last checked: 2021)
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:3
Main Span:1 x 95.1 meters (312 feet)
Side Spans:2 x 32 meters (105 feet)
Deck width:11.1 feet

Notes:

  • 1981: Deck replaced.
  • 1990: Added to National Register of Historic Places
  • 2002: Deck replaced.
  • 2020: Timber deck and railings replaced, September.
  • 2021, October: Closed again for repairs.

External Links:

Image Sets:

Photo by David Denenberg

1949: Brandval

Brandval, Innlandet, Norway - Glomma
Bridgemeister ID:3928 (added 2020-03-20)
Year Completed:1949
Name:Brandval
Location:Brandval, Innlandet, Norway
Crossing:Glomma
Coordinates:60.31928 N 12.01030 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, kart.1881.no, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular (one-lane), with walkway
Status:In use (last checked: 2019)
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 187 meters (613.5 feet) estimated

1949: Foss

Tveit, Kristiansand, Agder, Norway - Tovdalselva
Bridgemeister ID:1613 (added 2005-02-20)
Year Completed:1949
Name:Foss
Location:Tveit, Kristiansand, Agder, Norway
Crossing:Tovdalselva
Coordinates:58.259667 N 8.159376 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, kart.1881.no, OpenStreetMap
Use:Footbridge
Status:Demolished, 2007
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Main Span:1 x 65.5 meters (214.9 feet) estimated

Notes:


1949: Hawkesworth

San Ignacio and Santa Elena, Belize - Macal River
Bridgemeister ID:1634 (added 2005-03-12)
Year Completed:1949
Name:Hawkesworth
Location:San Ignacio and Santa Elena, Belize
Crossing:Macal River
Coordinates:17.156828 N 89.068307 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular (one-lane)
Status:In use (last checked: 2018)
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:3
Main Span:1
Side Spans:2

External Links:


1949: Higden

Higden and Greers Ferry, Arkansas, USA - Little Red River
Bridgemeister ID:1821 (added 2005-05-21)
Year Completed:1949
Name:Higden
Location:Higden and Greers Ferry, Arkansas, USA
Crossing:Little Red River
Coordinates:35.571472 N 92.197972 W
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular
Status:Removed
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1

Notes:

  • Location inundated when the Greers Ferry Lake reservoir was created in the 1960s.
  • The Arkansas History Commission's image archive contains an image of this bridge. The abstract mentions the bridge "is a temporary 'low-water' bridge built when the old suspension bridge nearby was declared unsafe"

External Links:


1949: Kongsvinger

Kongsvinger, Innlandet, Norway - Glomma
Bridgemeister ID:3929 (added 2020-03-20)
Year Completed:1949
Name:Kongsvinger
Location:Kongsvinger, Innlandet, Norway
Crossing:Glomma
Coordinates:60.18934 N 11.99692 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, kart.1881.no, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular (two-lane), with walkway
Status:In use (last checked: 2019)
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 104 meters (341.2 feet) estimated

Image Sets:

Postcard, collection of Jochem Hollestelle

1949: Lacroix-Saint-Ouen

Lacroix-Saint-Ouen, Oise, France - Oise River
Bridgemeister ID:7082 (added 2022-05-28)
Year Completed:1949
Name:Lacroix-Saint-Ouen
Location:Lacroix-Saint-Ouen, Oise, France
Crossing:Oise River
Coordinates:49.352884 N 2.767171 E
Maps:Acme, GeoHack, Google, OpenStreetMap
Use:Vehicular (one-lane)
Status:In use (last checked: 2019)
Main Cables:Wire (steel)
Suspended Spans:1
Main Span:1 x 65 meters (213.3 feet) estimated

Notes:

External Links:




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